Project 1

Study the effects of CALISTA

Role of Silicon on Growth, Relative Water Contents and Uptake of Silicon, Calcium, and Potassium in Appletree

Growth performance, relative water contents (RWC), and mineral nutrition were studied in the apple tree (Arkansas Black) treated with different concentrations of silicon (25, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 ppm). Lower administrations of silicon (25–200 ppm) enhanced relative yield, relative water contents, calcium, and potassium contents. A significant (0.1% level) direct relationship between tissue silicon content and applied silicon concentrations were observed. Shoots were significantly richer in silicon content than roots. The results indicate a possible requirement of silicon for higher plants.

It is studied how silicon affects plant growth and mineral nutrition when plants suffer from drought stress. Results demonstrated that the Ca concentration is significantly reduced in the water shortage condition compared to the control condition, but when plants are supplied by the high concentration of Si, the level of this nutrition increases.

In collaboration with the Department of Agricultural Production Sciences, Soil and Fertilizer Sector in Brazil, the effects of Ca and Si on the growth parameters and yield of cabbage was investigated by Lopes da silva et al., 2021 and results show the positive application of Ca and Si together to the cabbage growth. Indeed, the Ca and Si effects on the increasing dry matter of the aerial

parts can be seen visually while highlighting that the added Si increased the root dry matter contents of cabbage plants grown under Ca sufficiency and deficiency.

Based on the above information, the technology of CALISTA provides a good source of necessary elements to help the plants resist adverse conditions and improve nutrient uptake.

Furthermore, to the beneficial effects of Si, Wang et al., 2021, in a research paper in a horticulture journal, reported that Si treatment increases rice yield and growth parameters when plants are suffering under drought conditions.

The application of CALISTA is an attractive approach to improving plant water status and maintaining plant water balance under drought stress conditions.

Understanding the interactions between Ca and Si application will contribute to more efficiency of CALISTA, which enhances plants’ stress tolerance and improves nutrient uptake.

Si increases root water uptake under drought stress.

CALISTA application acts via the following mechanisms:

(1) increasing the root/shoot ratio;

(2) inducing root endodermal silicification and suberization;

(3) enhancing the root driving force;

(4) improving root hydraulic conductance (Lp);

(5) increasing aquaporin (AQP) activity;

(6) maintaining nutrient balance.

Si regulates root hydraulic conductance and aquaporins under drought stress.

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